TerraGoat – Vulnerable Terraform Infrastructure

February 11, 2022

terragoat 9 terragoat logo 764536

TerraGoat is Bridgecrew’s “Vulnerable by Design” Terraform repository. TerraGoat is a learning and training project that demonstrates how common configuration errors can find their way into production cloud environments.

Introduction

TerraGoat was built to enable DevSecOps design and implement a sustainable misconfiguration prevention strategy. It can be used to test a policy-as-code framework like Bridgecrew & Checkov, inline-linters, pre-commit hooks or other code scanning methods.

TerraGoat follows the tradition of existing *Goat projects that provide a baseline training ground to practice implementing secure development best practices for cloud infrastructure.

Important notes

  • Where to get help: the Bridgecrew Community Slack

Before you proceed please take a not of these warning:

TerraGoat creates intentionally vulnerable AWS resources into your account. DO NOT deploy TerraGoat in a production environment or alongside any sensitive AWS resources.

Requirements

  • Terraform 0.12
  • aws cli
  • azure cli

To prevent vulnerable infrastructure from arriving to production see: Bridgecrew & checkov, the open source static analysis tool for infrastructure as code.

Getting started

AWS Setup

Installation (AWS)

You can deploy multiple TerraGoat stacks in a single AWS account using the parameter TF_VAR_environment.

Create an S3 Bucket backend to keep Terraform state

export TERRAGOAT_STATE_BUCKET="mydevsecops-bucket"
export TF_VAR_company_name=acme
export TF_VAR_environment=mydevsecops
export TF_VAR_region="us-west-2"

aws s3api create-bucket --bucket $TERRAGOAT_STATE_BUCKET 
    --region $TF_VAR_region --create-bucket-configuration LocationConstraint=$TF_VAR_region

# Enable versioning
aws s3api put-bucket-versioning --bucket $TERRAGOAT_STATE_BUCKET --versioning-configuration Status=Enabled

# Enable encryption
aws s3api put-bucket-encryption --bucket $TERRAGOAT_STATE_BUCKET --server-side-encryption-configuration '{
  "Rules": [
    {
      "ApplyServerSideEncryptionByDefault": {
        "SSEAlgorithm": "aws:kms"
      }
    }
  ]
}'

Apply TerraGoat (AWS)

cd terraform/aws/
terraform init 
-backend-config="bucket=$TERRAGOAT_STATE_BUCKET" 
-backend-config="key=$TF_VAR_company_name-$TF_VAR_environment.tfstate" 
-backend-config="region=$TF_VAR_region"

terraform apply

Remove TerraGoat (AWS)

terraform destroy

Creating multiple TerraGoat AWS stacks

cd terraform/aws/
export TERRAGOAT_ENV=$TF_VAR_environment
export TERRAGOAT_STACKS_NUM=5
for i in $(seq 1 $TERRAGOAT_STACKS_NUM)
do
    export TF_VAR_environment=$TERRAGOAT_ENV$i
    terraform init 
    -backend-config="bucket=$TERRAGOAT_STATE_BUCKET" 
    -backend-config="key=$TF_VAR_company_name-$TF_VAR_environment.tfstate" 
    -backend-config="region=$TF_VAR_region"

    terraform apply -auto-approve
done

Deleting multiple TerraGoat stacks (AWS)

cd terraform/aws/
export TF_VAR_environment = $TERRAGOAT_ENV
for i in $(seq 1 $TERRAGOAT_STACKS_NUM)
do
    export TF_VAR_environment=$TERRAGOAT_ENV$i
    terraform init 
    -backend-config="bucket=$TERRAGOAT_STATE_BUCKET" 
    -backend-config="key=$TF_VAR_company_name-$TF_VAR_environment.tfstate" 
    -backend-config="region=$TF_VAR_region"

    terraform destroy -auto-approve
done

Azure Setup

Installation (Azure)

You can deploy multiple TerraGoat stacks in a single Azure subscription using the parameter TF_VAR_environment.

Create an Azure Storage Account backend to keep Terraform state

export TERRAGOAT_RESOURCE_GROUP="TerraGoatRG"
export TERRAGOAT_STATE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT="mydevsecopssa"
export TERRAGOAT_STATE_CONTAINER="mydevsecops"
export TF_VAR_environment="dev"
export TF_VAR_region="westus"

# Create resource group
az group create --location $TF_VAR_region --name $TERRAGOAT_RESOURCE_GROUP

# Create storage account
az storage account create --name $TERRAGOAT_STATE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT --resource-group $TERRAGOAT_RESOURCE_GROUP --location $TF_VAR_region --sku Standard_LRS --kind StorageV2 --https-only true --encryption-services blob

# Get storage account key
ACCOUNT_KEY=$(az storage account keys list --resource-group $TERRAGOAT_RESOURCE_GROUP --account-name $TERRAGOAT_STATE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT --query [0].value -o tsv)

# Create blob container
az storage container    create --name $TERRAGOAT_STATE_CONTAINER --account-name $TERRAGOAT_STATE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT --account-key $ACCOUNT_KEY

Apply TerraGoat (Azure)

cd terraform/azure/
terraform init -reconfigure -backend-config="resource_group_name=$TERRAGOAT_RESOURCE_GROUP" 
    -backend-config "storage_account_name=$TERRAGOAT_STATE_STORAGE_ACCOUNT" 
    -backend-config="container_name=$TERRAGOAT_STATE_CONTAINER" 
    -backend-config "key=$TF_VAR_environment.terraform.tfstate"

terraform apply

Remove TerraGoat (Azure)

terraform destroy

GCP Setup

Installation (GCP)

You can deploy multiple TerraGoat stacks in a single GCP project using the parameter TF_VAR_environment.

Create a GCS backend to keep Terraform state

To use terraform, a Service Account and matching set of credentials are required. If they do not exist, they must be manually created for the relevant project. To create the Service Account:

  1. Sign into your GCP project, go to IAM > Service Accounts.
  2. Click the CREATE SERVICE ACCOUNT.
  3. Give a name to your service account (for example – terragoat) and click CREATE.
  4. Grant the Service Account the Project > Editor role and click CONTINUE.
  5. Click DONE.

To create the credentials:

  1. Sign into your GCP project, go to IAM > Service Accounts and click on the relevant Service Account.
  2. Click ADD KEY > Create new key > JSON and click CREATE. This will create a .json file and download it to your computer.

We recommend saving the key with a nicer name than the auto-generated one (i.e. terragoat_credentials.json), and storing the resulting JSON file inside terraform/gcp directory of terragoat. Once the credentials are set up, create the BE configuration as follows:

export TF_VAR_environment="dev"
export TF_TERRAGOAT_STATE_BUCKET=remote-state-bucket-terragoat
export TF_VAR_credentials_path=<PATH_TO_CREDNETIALS_FILE> # example: export TF_VAR_credentials_path=terragoat_credentials.json
export TF_VAR_project=<YOUR_PROJECT_NAME_HERE>

# Create storage bucket
gsutil mb gs://${TF_TERRAGOAT_STATE_BUCKET}

Apply TerraGoat (GCP)

cd terraform/gcp/
terraform init -reconfigure -backend-config="bucket=$TF_TERRAGOAT_STATE_BUCKET" 
    -backend-config "credentials=$TF_VAR_credentials_path" 
    -backend-config "prefix=terragoat/${TF_VAR_environment}"

terraform apply

Remove TerraGoat (GCP)

terraform destroy

Bridgecrew’s IaC herd of goats

  • CfnGoat – Vulnerable by design Cloudformation template
  • TerraGoat – Vulnerable by design Terraform stack
  • CDKGoat – Vulnerable by design CDK application

Contributing

Contribution is welcomed!

We would love to hear about more ideas on how to find vulnerable infrastructure-as-code design patterns.

Support

Bridgecrew builds and maintains TerraGoat to encourage the adoption of policy-as-code.

If you need direct support you can contact us at [email protected].

Download Terragoat

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